what atoms has to be removed to make the atp molecule

Why the body needs food

Your metabolism is the collection of chemical reactions that occur in your cells to sustain life. Some of these reactions utilize stored energy to build things up, which we call anabolism, while other reactions break things downward, releasing free energy that can be stored for future use, and this is called catabolism. Imagine that the hamburger yous're having for dinner, made of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, is a drove of lego blocks of diverse colors and shapes. It took a lot of free energy to organize those blocks into that circuitous structure, and breaking the blocks apart releases that energy and frees the blocks so that they tin be built dorsum up into new things. Your torso does exactly that when you consume your food. Hither's a brief video lecture that summarizes this concept.

Living things break down the three major categories of foods (proteins, fats, and carbohydrates) into their constituent parts, the private lego blocks, for two reasons. ane) Once the nutrient atoms and groups of atoms (molecules) are broken down, they can be built back up into the specific kinds of things the organism needs, similar bone, muscle, skin, hair, feathers, fur, bark, leaves, etc. 2) Breaking down the food molecules releases the energy that was holding them together, and that released free energy is temporarily stored by the cell for the re-edifice process. Each of these food types requires a different breakdown process, and nosotros'll look at those later, but the goal is the aforementioned–take the energy that held those food molecules together and release it so that it can be stored in a form that the cell can use after to build what it needs. The cell has a special kind of molecule for storing that free energy, and it'due south called ATP.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate

ATP (Adenosine tri-phosphate) is an important molecule found in all living things. Think of it as the "energy currency" of the cell. If a cell needs to spend energy to accomplish a task, the ATP molecule splits off one of its three phosphates, condign ADP (Adenosine di-phosphate) + phosphate. The energy belongings that phosphate molecule is now released and available to do work for the cell. When the cell has actress free energy (gained from breaking down nutrient that has been consumed or, in the example of plants, made via photosynthesis), it stores that energy past reattaching a gratuitous phosphate molecule to ADP, turning it back into ATP. The ATP molecule is merely like a rechargeable bombardment. When it's fully charged, it'due south ATP. When it's run downwardly, it's ADP. However, the battery doesn't become thrown away when it's run down–it but gets charged up once again.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_diphosphate

ATP ß à ADP + P + energy

Here'due south what it looks like chemically. Each phosphate is a PO₄ (oxygen has a charge of -two and there are 4 of them, for a full of -8, and P has a accuse of +5, then the net charge on the phosphate group is -iii. If free H atoms, which are +1, become added to the O atoms that aren't bonded to two things, so the net charge is aught.)

ß à

ATP                                                                 ADP

There are times when the cell needs even more energy, and it splits off another phosphate, so information technology goes from ADP, adenoside di-phosphate, to AMP, adenosine mono-phosphate.

ATP ß à ADP + P + free energy ß à AMP + P + energy

ß à

ADP                                                                 AMP

There are other free energy storage molecules in the cell, like NAD and FAD, but the ATP arrangement is the most common, and the near important. Think of the others equally unlike brands of rechargable batteries that do the aforementioned job. Adjacent, nosotros'll explore some of the pathways that the body uses to break down foods of unlike types.

What about oxygen? Why exercise we need that? What happens if you lot put a glass over a candle? You starve the fire of oxygen, and the flame flickers out. If a metabolic reaction is aerobic, it requires oxygen. Buy why? Here'south an analogy. Call back about lighting a campfire. What practise you need? Y'all demand fuel (the wood), y'all demand oestrus (it's harder to light a burn when it's cold), and yous need oxygen (because another word for burning is "oxidizing" and, as y'all might gauge, it tin only occur in the presence of oxygen). Oxidizing something causes it to lose electrons, which means that energy (the electrons) is released when yous oxidize, or burn down, a fuel. Your food is your fuel. Y'all burn the fuel for energy. Yous demand the oxygen to burn the fuel. This happens in the mitochondria.

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Source: https://www2.nau.edu/lrm22/lessons/atp/atp.html